Page 282 - dyser_Stankevych

282

6.1. ɚɫɩɟ ɪɨɛɨ ɧɚɮɬɨ- ɝɚɡɨɝɨɧɿɜ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɨɝɨ

ɜɨɞɨɩɨɫɬɚɱɚɧɧɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɢɯ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɧɰɿɣ

Ɉɫɨɛɥɢɜ ɪɨɛɨɬ ɧɚɮɬɨ- ɝɚɡɨɝɨɧɿɜ. ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɿɞɧɿ ɫɢɫ ɩɨ-

ɩɟɪɟɛ ɩɿ ɚɝɪ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ – ɧɚɮ ɝɚɡɭ.

Ɋɨɡɝɥɹɧɟɦɨ ɞɟɹɤɿ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɭɦɨɜ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɤɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɡ ɧɢɯ.

Ƚɨɥɨɜɧɿ ɫɤɥɚɞɨɜɿ ɧɚɮɬɢ – ɜɭɝɥɟɰɶ (79,5 – 87,5 %) ɿ ɜɨɞɟɧɶ (11,0 – 14,5 % ɜɿɞ

ɧɚɮɬɢ) [510]. ɫɢɪɨʀ ɧɚɮ ɫ ɭ ɫɟɪɟɞ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɧɢɡɤɭ

ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳ, ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɜɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɟ, ɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɜɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢ-

ɭ ɜɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɧɹɯ ɜɨɞɿ, ɹɤɿ ɜɫɬɭɩɚ ɚɞɫɨɪɛɰɿɣɧɭ ɜɡɚɽɦɨɞɿ ɡ

ɦɟɬɚɥɨɦ; ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨ ɬɚ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɟ, ɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɟ ɪɨɡɩɥɚɜɚɦɢ ɫɨɥɟɣ, ɜɨɞɹɧɢɯ

ɪɨɡɱɢɧ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɥ ɬɨɳɨ, ɹɤɿ ɜɢɤɥɢɤɚ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɿɦ ɱ ɯɿɦ ɤɨɪɨɡɿɸ

[511]. Ɂɚ ɨɰɿɧ ɮɚɯɿɜɰɿɜ (ɯɨɱɚ ɛɿɥɶɲɿ ɧɟɫɩɪɚ ɧɚɮɬɨɝɨɧɿɜ

ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚ ɥɸɞɫɶɤ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ [512]) ɡɧɚɱɧɢɣ ɜɿɞɫɨ ɚɜɚɪɿɣ (23,5 %)

ɩɨɲɤɨɞ ɬɪɭɛ, ɡɚɩɿ ɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɥɶɧɨʀ

ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɢ [505, 513].
Ɉɫɧɨɜɭ ɩɪɢɪɨ ɝɚɡɭ ɦɟɬɚɧ (98%). Ƚɚɡ, ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɭɸɬɶ ɦɚɝɿ-

ɫɬɪɚɥɶɧɢɦ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚɦɢ, ɜɜ ɿ ɭ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɿ
ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɟɦ, ɩɪɨɬ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɭɦ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿʀ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ

ɞɨɜɤɿɥ ɦɨ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɰɿ ɝ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ, ɩɪɢɫɭ ɭ
ɧɶɨɦɭ, ɯɨɱ ɿ ɜ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɧɿɣ ɤɿɥɶɤɨɫɬɿ, ɫɨɥɿ, ɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɿ ɬɚ ɫɿɪɤɨɜɦɿɫɧɿ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢ, CO 2 ɣ

ɿɧɿɰɿɸɜ ɦɚɝɿɫɬɪɚɥɶɧɢɯ

ɝɚɡɨɝɨɧɿɜ [514].

ɇ ɯɚɪɚɤ ɩ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɦɚɝɿɫɬɪɚɥɶɧɢɯ

ɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɢɯ ɝɚɡɨɝɨɧɿ ɜɩɥɢɜɚ ɪɿɡɧɿ ɱɢɧɧɢɤɢ, ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ, ɮɿɡɢ ɯɿɦɿ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ-

ɜɨɫɬɿ ɿ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɿʀ, ɹɤɭ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɭɸɬɶ; pH ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ; ɩɪɢɫɭɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɫ-

ɩɨɪɬɨɜɚɧɨɦɭ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɿ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɬɚ ɧɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ, ɹɤɿ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɭ-

ɡɚɯɢɫɧ ɦɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ; ɤɢɫɧɸ; ɯɿɦ ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɢ, ɹɤɿ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬ ɭ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝ ɩɪɨ ɜɢɞɨɛɭ ɬɚ ɩɿɞɝɨ ɝɚɡɭ; ɲɜɢɞ-

ɤɿɫɬɶ ɬɚ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɭɯɭ ɝɚɡɨɪɿɞɢɧɧɨʀ ɫɭɦɿɲɿ, ʀʀ ɬɢɫɤ ɿ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ; ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɿ ɱɚɫɬɢɧ-